It is the same actuarial method that is used to determine risk in setting rates for life insurance and car insurance.
For more detailed information about risk assessment in California, see www. California has adopted four risk assessment instruments for use in assessing sex offender risk of reoffending. The first one, the StaticR , is used to assess male sex offenders presentencing and prior to release from prison. The StaticR is based on static unchanging risk factors which predict the potential for sexual re-offending, such as age at release from custody on the sex offense, number of certain types of prior convictions, and victim characteristics.
An offender who is offense-free for at least 10 years in the community after release may not be eligible at that point for scoring on the StaticR, unless he commits another sex offense or other serious offense. The JSORRAT-II was developed using an actuarial approach in an attempt to bring greater accuracy and utility to risk assessments for male juveniles who have offended sexually, recognizing the potential for accurate risk assessment to inform a range of decisions, including placement, programming, supervision, and other resource allocation decisions.
Examples of dynamic factors are alcohol abuse, changing relationship factors, and stability or instability in housing or employment. The StaticR score is used to predict risk of sexual reoffense, based on the offender's score category. In , the authors of the StaticR revised the coding rules to reflect new score literals for each numeric score.
Differences in Risk Scores among Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Sexual Offenders
The table below reflects the score literal under the revised coding rules as well as the former score literal for those individuals scored under the prior coding rules. Offenders with a score of -2, for example, would be considered very low risk to commit a new sexual offense formerly low risk ; offenders with a score of 5 would be above average risk to commit a new sexual offense formerly high risk.
This instrument is also scored by sex offender treatment professionals during probation or parole, and used to guide decisions in treatment and while the offender is on parole or probation supervision. The Office of the Attorney General is unable to guarantee the accuracy of this translation and is therefore not liable for any inaccurate information resulting from the translation application tool. Please consult with a translator for accuracy if you are relying on the translation or are using this site for official business.
If you have any questions please contact: Bilingual Services Program at About Megan's Law.
Dynamic Predictors Of Sexual Recidivism
About Sex Offenders. Search Offenders. Translate Website Traducir Sitio Web. Risk Assessment. StaticR Risk Scores The StaticR score is used to predict risk of sexual reoffense, based on the offender's score category. For more detailed information about sexual recidivism in California, see Hanson, R. Individuals were deemed to have transitioned to a lower risk category when their time-adjusted risk for that year was below the yearly hazard at release for individuals at the top of the next lower category. The figure stops at StaticR scores of 10 because higher scores were rare: 0.
See Hanson, R. User Report No. Predicting recidivism among sexual offenders: A multi-site study of Static Law and Human Behavior, 34 , — The characteristics of persistent sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of recidivism studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. The accuracy of recidivism risk assessments for sexual offenders: A meta-analysis of prediction studies.
Psychological Assessment, 21 , 1— Long-term recidivism of child molesters. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61 , — Hawes, S. Psychopathy and the combination of psychopathy and sexual deviance as predictors of sexual recidivism: Meta-analytic findings using the Psychopathy Checklist— Revised. Psychological Assessment, 25, — Hare, R. Harkins, L. Examining the influence of denial, motivation, and risk on sexual recidivism. Harris, A. Sex offender recidivism: A simple question. User Report Clinical, actuarial, and dynamic risk assessment of sexual offenders: Why do things keep changing?
Journal of Sexual Aggression, 16 3 , — Harris, D. Postrelease specialization and versatility in sexual offenders referred for civil commitment. Harris, G. Actuarial assessment of risk among sex offenders.
1) What does “recidivism by perpetrators of sexual assault” mean?
Prentky, E. Seto Eds. Hedges, L. Statistical methods for meta-analysis. New York, NY: Academic. Helmus, L. Re-norming Static recidivism estimates: Exploring base rate variability across sex offender samples.
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Improving the predictive accuracy of Static and Static with older sex offenders: Revised age weights. Jackson, R. Sex offender civil commitment: Recommendations for empirically guided evaluations. The Journal of Psychiatry and Law, 36 3 , — Knight, R. Evaluating and improving risk assessment schemes for sexual recidivism: A long-term follow-up of convicted sexual offenders.
Document No. Washington, DC: U. Department of Justice. Kraemer, C. Coming to terms with the terms of risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 54 , — Langevin, R. Acceptance and completion of treatment among sex offenders. Accuracy of actuarial procedures for assessment of sexual offender recidivism risk may vary across ethnicity. Langton, C. Reliability and validity of the Static among sexual offenders with reference to treatment status. Criminal Justice and Behavior. Denial and minimization among sexual offenders: Posttreatment presentation and association with sexual recidivism.
Losel, F.
Static-99R Risk Scores
The effectiveness of treatment for sexual offenders: A comprehensive meta-analysis. Journal of Experimental Criminology, 1 , — Looman, J. Substance abuse among high-risk sexual offenders: Do measures of lifetime history of substance abuse add to the prediction of recidivism over actuarial risk assessment instruments? Journal of interpersonal violence, 26 4 , — Lund, C. Predictors of sexual recidivism: Did meta-analysis clarify the role and relevance of denial? Maletzky, B. Factors associated with success and failure in the behavioral and cognitive treatment of sexual offenders.
Annals of Sex Research, 6 , — Mann, R. Assessing risk for sexual recidivism: Some proposals on the nature of psychologically meaningful risk factors.
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Marques, J. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 14 , — Marshall, W. Empathy deficits and cognitive distortions in child molesters. Self-esteem, shame, cognitive distortions and empathy in sexual offenders: Their integration and treatment implications. McGrath, R. Current practices and emerging trends in sexual abuser management: The Safer Society North American survey.
Meyer, G. Psychological testing and psychological assessment: A review of evidence and issues.