In , the Vision became the first factory-produced school bus equipped with a propane-fueled powertrain. In place of the diesel engine, the propane-fueled version used a GM. As Caterpillar ended on-road engine production, the C9 diesel was discontinued at the end of the model year. For , Blue Bird made several detail changes to the Vision.
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On the outside, the exterior design of the rub rails was changed slightly. To increase parts commonality with the All American, the Vision was given the instrument cluster and steering column introduced with the newly redesigned All American D3. The propane-fuel Vision saw major changes related to its powertrain.
Following the discontinuation of the GM 8. Designated as a model, the updated Vision entered production in October Another distinguishing exterior feature was the roof stripe. In a change made to all Blue Birds, the full-length roof stripe was replaced by a shortened design of a single length. The Volvo-sourced headlamp clusters were replaced with single-piece clear-lens units; the change was intended to simplify beam adjustment. To further increase the appeal of the propane-fueled Vision, for production, Blue Bird introduced an optional gallon extended-range fuel tank standard equipment being 67 gallons.
In , the powertrain lineup for the Vision saw several introductions. Alongside the propane-fueled Ford V10, development of more Roush CleanTech fuel systems led to the introduction of gasoline and compressed natural gas CNG variants of the Vision. As with its Blue Bird Conventional predecessor, the Blue Bird Vision is offered with a diesel-fuel engine as standard equipment. Currently, the Cummins B6. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Caterpillar 7. Retrieved August 12, May 29, Archived from the original on May 29, Retrieved December 30, August 31, Archived from the original on August 31, Blue Bird Corporation.
Retrieved September 8, Archived from the original on December 3, Retrieved August 10, Retrieved August 21, Blue Bird vehicles. School bus manufacturers, North America. Bus Corporation ; became Trans Tech. Northern Coach Perley A. Hackney Brothers Body Company Kenworth-Pacific ; still in business. List of school bus manufacturers. North American school bus chassis present. A school bus is a type of bus used for transporting children and teenagers to and from school and school events.
The first school bus was horse-drawn, introduced in by George Shillibeer for a Quaker school at Abney Park in Stoke Newington, London, United Kingdom, and was designed to carry 25 children. In North America, the school bus is a specific type of government-regulated vehicle distinct from other types of buses.
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Canada and the United States have specially built and equipped school buses; by law these are required to be painted school bus yellow and equipped with various forms of warning and safety devices specific to them. In Europe and other parts of the world, the buses used for transporting students are more closely related to other types of buses than their North American counterparts.
In the United States and Canada, school buses are almost universally used to transport students. This service is almost always provided without charge to families. In the U.
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Modern school buses may be equipped with amenities lacking only a few years ago such as stereo systems, air conditioning and higher-headroom roofs — although high-headroom school buses have been an option as early as the mid s. School buses account for an estimated 10 billion student trips each year.
About , public school buses travel more than 4 billion miles and daily transport 25 million children to and from schools and school-related activities in the U. By , and possibly earlier, it is known that the company was making horse-drawn school carriages which many people referred to as "school hacks," "school cars," "school trucks," or "kid hacks. Early school buses primarily served rural areas where it was deemed impractical for the young students to walk the distances necessary to get back and forth from school on their own, and were sometimes no more than a truck with perhaps a tarpaulin stretched over the truck bed.
Wayne Works was one of the earliest school bus companies to offer glass in place of the standard canvas curtains in the passenger area long before many "school" bus companies did in the early s, although Gillig Bros had invented and patented the design long before. Rapid urban growth also outpaced school construction; coupled with the population expansion brought on by the baby boomers themselves having children, the need for busing within large urban centres in North America became acute.
The first transit-style buses were designed in the s, but the design was popularized after World War II. A factor in the rapid rise of transit-style school bus sales in the s especially on the West Coast was the Baby Boom generation.
School districts were faced with a rapid rise in student counts and were forced to consolidate, buy larger school buses, or both. As a result, the use of the transit style school bus skyrocketed during the mid s. Crown Coach built the first heavy duty, high capacity, transit style school coach in and named it the "Supercoach", as many California school districts operated in terrain requiring heavy duty vehicles.
In , Gillig Bros. The C Transit Coach soon afterwards became the most popular rear-engine transit-style school bus on the west coast.
In , Albert L. Luce, founder of the Blue Bird Body Company , developed a transit style design which evolved into the company's All-American , the longest-running Type D product line among current manufacturers. However, the conventional Type C design with a truck type hood and front end still continued to dominate U.
Canadian school buses are very similar to their U. Many Canadian school buses are manufactured in the United states, and there have been Canadian-manufactured school buses imported into the United States. As of , Canada's only domestic school bus maker is Girardin Minibus. The Corbeil designs made in Canada through the firm's closure in are now manufactered and sold by Collins in the United States. In the current North American school bus industry, there are six active manufacturers. Three Collins, Girardin, Trans Tech specialize in small buses, while another IC specializes exclusively in full-size buses.
Of the manufacturers that no longer produce school buses, several are wholly defunct Carpenter, Crown Coach, Wayne while others have been absorbed into different manufacturers. Other manufacturers have moved into other enterprises; Gillig Corporation makes buses for mass-transit buyers, while Kenworth lives on as a manufacturer of Class 8 trucks. In , there were six major school bus body companies building large school buses in the U.
With the baby boom years ending, the manufacturing industry faced serious over-capacity as companies vied and competed for lower volumes of purchases by school bus contractors, school districts, and several states which purchased their buses in quantity at the state level. In , Ward Body Works filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and was successfully reorganized as AmTran the following year.
Superior, under Sheller-Globe, ceased operations in and again in after a poorly received redesign of their Type C bus line. Superior lived on, however, as the Type A manufacturer Mid Bus. Although an updated model was introduced in the Supercoach II-the last Crowns were built in March In May , the rights to the Crown name were acquired by Carpenter.
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Gillig introduced the Phantom school bus in as a replacement for the year old Transit Coach which was dropped in , but the Phantom did not sell well on a national scale and was dropped in after none were sold the two years prior; Gillig concentrated on the mass-transit market instead. Due to the increased market competition and financial problems, Wayne Corporation as Wayne Wheeled Vehicles ceased operations in mid Much of the inventory was purchased by Carpenter and used on the newly re-branded "Crown by Carpenter" lineup; Wayne's former Richmond, Indiana facility was part of the acquisition.
Although Crown by Carpenter intitially held its own against other manufacturers, declining sales influenced parent company Spartan Motors to drop the Crown name for , only to completely cease operations in mid 10 years after Crown Coach shut its doors. In , a defect in the roof welds was found on all Carpenter-brand buses manufactured in the Mitchell facility between mid and A lot of school systems were forced to retire buses early and Carpenter had been out of business for some time, leaving districts no recourse.