Manufacturers use all letters and numbers, with the exception of the letters I, O and Q.
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The first section identifies the manufacturer of the vehicle, and uses the first three digits:. The next five digits, four through eight, describe the vehicle. The specific use of these digits differs from one manufacturer to another. Here is an example that includes common code elements:. Digits four through eight might also be coded for information on the transmission used, the grade of the car i. The last six digits, 12 through 17, are production sequence numbers, although small manufacturers that make fewer than cars per year use the 12th, 13th and 14th digits as additional manufacturer identification codes.
How to Read a VIN (Vehicle Identification Number)
Production sequence numbers identify the vehicle itself, sort of like a serial number. Since each manufacturer has a different code, and each car produced by the same factory has its own production sequence number, every car produced in a given year has a unique VIN. European VINs are not required to include year, factory or vehicle attribute data.
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However, the two systems are compatible. While most countries have some form of VIN system that is compatible with the North American system, cars that are imported must have their VIN number entered into the MVR database along with enough information to explain what the codes are if the original VIN system differs from the ISO standard.
The check digit for a VIN is obtained through a number of mathematical steps. Each letter used in a VIN has a corresponding number value, while numbers stay the same. Therefore, the VIN becomes a string of 17 numbers with a space in the ninth position, where the check digit goes.
Each position in the VIN has a weight -- the number of times that digit is multiplied. For example, the weight of position one is eight.
A computer multiplies the number in position one is by 8. Then it multiplies all 16 numbers by the appropriate weight for their position in the VIN, adds the results together and divides that result by The remainder becomes the check digit.
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If the remainder is 10, the check digit is X. This vehicle has the VIN on the inside of the driver's side door. The first digit identifies the nation of origin.
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If the car was assembled from parts produced in different countries, this digit reflects the nation where the car was assembled. Some larger nations are split into regions. For example, cars built in Japan are assigned a J in the first digit. But cars made in the U. This many digits makes it possible for no two cars made within 30 years of each other to have the same number. Each number or letter in the code, except one, means something significant about the car.
VIN Number Decoding | 1A Auto
Using only numbers and letters except I, O, Q, U, and Z , each portion of the string tells a different part of the story. And remember: The VIN is located in a few different places on the vehicle, so make sure the dashboard VIN matches the number on the door label. When they decide on the car they want to steal, they first find a car of the same make and model, and copy the VIN right off the dashboard.
Vehicle cloning can be hard to detect. Mike Kelso, a senior special agent with the nonprofit National Insurance Crime Bureau , suggests prospective buyers take the extra step of paying for a complete VIN search on Carfax or Autocheck, and scrutinizing the results for unrealistic movements. If a car spent three years in, say, California, then suddenly turned up registered in New York, but within months was registered in California again, it should raise some red flags that maybe there are two cars in play, sharing the same VIN.
The first step to filing a theft claim is contacting the police, and quickly providing the police with information about the vehicle is crucial, says Kelso. And that quicker response time can mean the difference between whether or not a stolen car is recovered or lost forever.