Fingerprint primary identification number method


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Meanwhile, a French law enforcement official named Alphonse Bertillon was developing his own system for identifying criminals. Bertillonage or anthropometry was a method of measuring heads, feet and other distinguishing body parts. These "spoken portraits" enabled police in different locations to apprehend suspects based on specific physical characteristics.


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The British Indian police adopted this system in the s. Around the same time, Juan Vucetich, a police officer in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was developing his own variation of a fingerprinting system. In , Vucetich was called in to assist with the investigation of two boys murdered in Necochea, a village near Buenos Aires. Suspicion had fallen initially on a man named Velasquez, a love interest of the boys' mother, Francisca Rojas.

But when Vucetich compared fingerprints found at the murder scene to those of both Velasquez and Rojas, they matched Rojas' exactly. She confessed to the crime. This was the first time fingerprints had been used in a criminal investigation.

How Fingerprinting Works

Vucetich called his system comparative dactyloscopy. It's still used in many Spanish-speaking countries. Sir Edward Henry, commissioner of the Metropolitan Police of London, soon became interested in using fingerprints to nab criminals. In , he added to Galton's technique, creating his own classification system based on the direction, flow, pattern and other characteristics of the friction ridges in fingerprints. Examiners would turn these characteristics into equations and classifications that could distinguish one person's print from another's.

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The Henry Classification System replaced the Bertillonage system as the primary method of fingerprint classification throughout most of the world. In , Scotland Yard established its first Fingerprint Bureau. The following year, fingerprints were presented as evidence for the first time in English courts. Published on Mar 26, This presentation gives information about the classification of fingerprint that are useful in Forensic Investigation.

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fingerprint classification systems Henry and NCIC

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The Fingerprint System

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Francis Galton and Fingerprints

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